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nginx

NetworkPackage: nginx

The web server and reverse proxy of the hosting courses. The command itself is mostly for nginx -t, which validates the configuration before a reload: an invalid configuration reloaded leaves the old one running, without saying so loudly.

What its options do in the lessons

From the same glossary the lessons render under their commands, so the two cannot disagree.

nginx -T
Does everything -t does — parse and validate — then dumps the whole configuration to standard output, every included file in place and in the order it was read. That is what nginx loaded, not what the file you are editing contains.
nginx -t
Tests the configuration without reloading. Run it before every reload: an invalid configuration stops the reload and can leave the service down.
nginx -V
Prints the version and, in addition, the binary's compile-time options. That is where --with-debug is visible, without which the error log's debug level writes nothing extra.

Lessons that teach it

nginx — command reference | Kill -9 Club